Set in a remote Indian village during the turbulent first half of the 20th century, the novel delves deep into the lives of Rukmani and Nathan, a hindu couple whose struggles and triumphs span decades. This narrative, written by Kamala Markandaya, explores themes of poverty, gender roles, grief, and motherhood, all while examining the profound changes that reshape their humble existence. 

A Brief Glimpse At The Tale

“Nectar In A Sieve” unfolds through Rukmani’s eyes, who marries Nathan at 12, becoming a tenant farmer in a challenging rural life. Struggling to conceive, Rukmani forms a secret bond with an English doctor, leading to the birth of sons. Urbanization looms with a tannery, testing their traditions. A devastating drought worsens their plight, causing hunger and loss. Rukmani and Nathan’s resilience shines as they bear sorrows silently. The tannery purchase forces them to a distant city, where their reunion with their son Murugan is fraught with abandonment. A tragic quarry job claims Nathan’s life, leaving Rukmani a widow, navigating deep changes with an indomitable spirit.

The book is a masterful exploration of human resilience in the face of relentless change. Through Rukmani’s story, Markandaya invites readers to reflect on the enduring power of the human spirit, even when confronted with seemingly insurmountable challenges. 

The novel’s title is inspired by Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Work Without Hope”, and encapsulates the central theme that courses through its pages. In a world that constantly shifts and evolves, hope becomes the nectar that sustains us, even when it seems to slip through the sieve of life.

A Literary Canon

Markandaya’s debut novel has rightfully earned its place in the literary canon, having sold over one million copies and receiving recognition as an American Library Association Notable Book. Its enduring relevance lies in its ability to resonate with readers across generations, serving as a testament to the timeless human experience of adapting to change, finding hope amidst adversity and embracing the enduring spirit of resilience. “Nectar In A Sieve” is a literary gem that continues to captivate and inspire, inviting readers to contemplate the enduring nature of the human spirit in the face of an ever-changing world.

Themes:

“Nectar in a Sieve” centres on the theme of suffering. Rukmani’s Family grapples with financial instability and natural disasters take a heavy toll on them. Their daughter’s tragic fate leads her into prostitution, an unthinkable tragedy for the family. Despite these adversities, they bear their misfortunes with resilience. Rukmani often recognizes that others are suffering more than them, finding contentment in their lot. The novel’s enduring message is one of hope, even in the face of seemingly insurmountable suffering. 

Change is an inexorable force in “Nectar in a Sieve.” The village undergoes a profound transformation with the establishment of the tannery, altering the fabric of society and its discriminatory norms. Environmental changes, such as heavy rains and drought, significantly impact the villager’s lives. Personal transformation occurs as one of Rukmani’s sons becomes a thief and is tragically murdered, while her daughter turns to prostitution. The novel underscores that change is an inevitable aspect of life, and it challenges individuals to adapt and find resilience in the face of upheaval. 

Nature plays an important role in the novel’s narrative. The story spans many years, and nature is an integral part of the characters’ lives. Heavy rains and droughts disrupt the villager’s existence, causing significant suffering. However, the family’s ability to adapt and survive is a testament to their resilience. They turn to fish during the rains and rely on saved seeds during droughts, showcasing resourcefulness in navigating the changing natural landscape.

The novel beautifully portrays the strength of family bonds in the Indian context. Nathan is a loving husband, and Rukmani’s desire to bear sons reflects the cultural importance of male heirs. However, their daughter is equally cherished and respected within the family. Even when she returns home after a failed marriage, she is not scorned. The first two sons work in the tannery to support the family financially but eventually leave the country. Only Selvam remains, and his strong affection for the family is evident. His compassion extends even to Ira’s son, who suffers from albinism, highlighting the enduring strength of family ties.

Final Thoughts 

In “Nectar in a Sieve”, suffering is pervasive, but it is countered by an unwavering thread of hope and positivity that holds the family together. This enduring hope and faith are central to the novel’s message, emphasizing the resilience of the human spirit even in the face of overwhelming adversity. The novel ultimately concludes on a positive note, assuring readers that, despite the trials and tribulations, all will be well, and the family will persevere, “Nectar in a Sieve” is a timeless masterpiece that continues to resonate with readers, urging them to contemplate the enduring nature of the human spirit amidst a world that constantly evolves and changes.

For as long as humans have existed, there has been psychology, even if it wasn’t very understood, acknowledged, let alone addressed and studied. However, in recent years, society’s understanding of mental health has expanded, shedding light on its significance as an important part of a balanced life.
Through this article we will go a little deeper into the crucial subject of mental health, emphasizing its importance, addressing stigmas and providing insights into fostering resilience and wellness.

What Is Mental Health?

Mental Health is often referred to as the state of emotional, psychological and social well-being and is the cornerstone of our ability to cope with the challenges and triumphs of life. It takes on a broad spectrum of topics such as emotional stability, effective coping mechanisms, self-esteem and the capacity to form meaningful relationships. Just as physical health is important for our body, mental health is the glue for our cognitive and emotional well-being, impacting how we see and understand ourselves and the world around us.

Stigma In Mind Matters

In a world full of uncertainties, it is crucial to recognize that mental health issues are not something rare. The prevalence of conditions such as depression, stress-related ailments and anxiety disorders are very common mental health struggles that can people of all age groups can be struggling with, from children to senior citizens. Yet, Societal Stigmas and misconceptions for years have cast a shadow of denial over these issues, discouraging open discussions and promoting a culture of silence.

Breaking these stigmas is an important step towards fostering a compassionate and supportive environment for all those grappling with mental health challenges. Just like how a broken bone would require attention, care, support, and most importantly healing space and time, Mind Matters also warrant just as much validation, understanding, and appropriate interventions. Promoting and engaging in candid conversations about mental health not only breaks down society imposed wall of shame but also paves the path for seeking therapy and counseling and embarking on a journey toward healing.

Resilience And Well-Being

Today’s world’s demands often exhaust us mentally and physically. The rapid pace of life, piling responsibilities and the omnipresence of digital devices can contribute to high-stress levels and lowered emotional resilience. The first step would be to acknowledge these pressures and cultivate lifestyle changes that safeguard one’s mental well-being.

Developing resilience emerges as a powerful tool in the quest for mental wellness, where mental health challenges are the Dementors, resilience is our Expecto Patronum. Resilience is defined as our ability to bounce back from adversity. It is not an inherent trait but a skill that can be honed and nurtured. Cultivating resilience involves fostering a healthy sense of self, nurturing positive relationships, and practicing effective stress management techniques. Practices of mindfulness, exercise, creative outlets, and seeking professional help when needed can all add to building resilience and maintaining mental well-being.

Seeking Help

As we explore the landscape of mental health, it is important to understand that seeking help is a sign of strength, not weakness, it shouldn’t be shunned or ridiculed. If we aren’t mentally healthy, it affects our daily life, interpersonal relationships, life satisfaction and overall well-being.

You don’t need to have textbook cases of issues to seek help from a mental health professional. Feeling down lately, feeling irritable most days, can’t stop those racing thoughts, plagued with negative self-image, just feeling exhausted lately- all these are things we experience daily, and coping with them can be difficult, sometimes even physically, hence we seek help. Just like we consult doctors even for common cold and fever and take medication, consulting mental health professionals for emotional distress in all its ranges is a proactive step towards self-care.

Psychiatrists, therapists and counselors possess the expertise to provide tailored guidance, coping strategies and treatments to navigate the delicate terrain of mental health. Additionally promoting mental health goes beyond individual efforts- it requires societal change. Educational Institutions, workplaces, and communities play big roles in creating environments that prioritize well-being. Adding mental health awareness programs, providing access to support resources, and fostering open dialogues can all contribute to breaking barriers and fostering a culture of compassion.

The Take-Away For Today

Mental Health is a tapestry of emotions, thoughts, and expressions that shape our very being. By embracing the importance of mental health, challenging stigmas and fostering resilience, we make a path for a brighter, more compassionate future. Just as physical health is a journey in progress, so is mental health- a lifelong commitment to self-care, understanding, and growth. Let us begin creating a world with empathy and support, one that embraces the diverse aspects of mental health and create a vibrant canvas of well-being for everyone in mind matters.

Gurram Jashuva is celebrated as the “Poet Of the Millennium” for his timeless contributions to poetry and literature, which transcended the boundaries of his time and caste. His life and work were marked by immense wisdom and a relentless struggle against caste-based discrimination.

Early Life: Triumph Over Adversity

Jashuva was born in Vinukonda, Guntur ; Andhra Pradesh on September 28th , 1895 to Virayya and Lingamma. His family came from a community of leather workers, given that his father came from the Yadav caste and his mother came from the Madiga caste. This intercaste marriage and their impoverished circumstances made his childhood markedly challenging, as he grew up in a society where certain cases were treated as “untouchable”. Regardless of these complications, Jashuva and his brother were raised as Christians.
His chase for higher education led him to get the diploma of Ubhaya Bhasha Praveena, highlighting his scholarly expertise in Telugu and Sanskrit languages later in life.

Career: A Voice for the Marginalized

Throughout the span of his career, Jashuva utilized his poetic talents to champion the causes of untouchability, Dalit rights, and social segregation. His literary works, including “Gabbilam-(A Bat)”, “Firadausi-(A Rebel)”, and “Kandiseekudu-(A Refugee)”, stand as powerful testaments to his commitment to social justice.

“Gabbilam” is one of his most known works, inspired by Kalidasa’s “Meghadūta”. In this poem, a destitute Dalit man sends a message to God in Benares through a bat, symbolizing the marginalized people. Jashuva’s choice of the bat, often associated with darkness and bad omens is significant as it represents the Dalit community, reclaimed as a tool for raising social consciousness.

In “Firadausi” he tells the tragic tale of the Persian poet Firdousi in the court of King Mahmud of Ghazni, highlighting themes of trust and betrayal. The poet’s pain is depicted, bringing out deep emotions in readers.

Legacy and Recognition

Jashuva’s impact on Telugu literature and society cannot be overstated. He is known as the first modern Telugu Dalit poet, and his erasure from Telugu and Indian literary histories has been met with protests by Dalit communities in Andhra Pradesh. In 1995, centennial celebrations were hosted in his honour, starting efforts to revive awareness of his literary contributions. His achievements did not go unnoticed, Jashuva received several prestigious awards and honours, including the Sahitya Akademi Award for his work titled “Kreesthu Charitra” in 1964. An appointment to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council in 1964. Honorary doctorate of Kala Prapoorna from Andhra University in 1970, and the Padma Bhushan from the government of India in 1970.

In-Depth Study and Awards in His Memory

Scholars such as Endluri Sudhakar have researched Gurram Jashuva’s literature, providing valuable insights into his outlook and societal impact.
To ensure that his legacy endures, awards have been instituted in his memory. The Jashuva Sahitya Puraskaram, established by the Jashuva Foundation, annually recognizes poets from diverse Indian backgrounds for their contributions to Indian literature. Additionally, the Padma Bhushan Dr Gurram Jashuva Research Centre of Telugu Akademi presents awards to poets and writers for their contributions to Telugu literature.

Conclusion

Gurram Jashuva’s life and work serve as an inspiration, transcending the boundaries of caste and time. His poetry, steeped in social consciousness, continues to resonate with readers and remains a powerful tool for advocating social justice. As we celebrate his legacy and contributions, we are reminded of the enduring power of literature to bring about change and shine a light on the injustices that persist in our society. He sadly passed away on July 24, 1971. Still Gurram Jashuva, the “Poet of the Millennium”, lives on through his timeless poetry and the impact he has left on Telugu literature and beyond.

Singeetam Srinivasa Rao is a name that embodies versatility and innovation in the world of Indian Cinema. Popularly known as Singeetam, he is a profile every avid film watcher will know of. He is an accomplished Indian Film director, screenwriter, producer, composer, and actor. Singeetam has contributed groundbreaking films to the industry that have left a lasting impact on the industry. With a career that spans several decades, he is rightfully regarded as one of India’s most multifaceted directors.

Early Life

Singeetam was born on September 21, 1931. His journey in the film world began with a stint as an assistant director to the renowned K.V. Reddy from 1955 to 1968. During this time he contributed to iconic films such as “Mayabazar- 1957” and “Jagadeka Veeruni Katha- 1961”, which honed his craft and learning the intricacies of filmmaking.

In 1972, Singeetam made his directorial debut with the Telugu film “Neethi Nijaythi” This was the beginning of his exploration into experimental and socially relevant cinema. His films such as “Dikkarta Parvathi – 1974” garnered critical acclaim and accolades, establishing him as a director with a unique storytelling approach.

Contributions To Cinema

Singeetam’s legacy truly lies in his one-of-a-kind contributions to various genres. He directed films like “Panthulamma”, “Mayuri”, “Anand”, and “Son Of Aladdin”. His films have earned him numerous awards, including two National Film Awards and multiple Nandi Awards. His collaboration with esteemed actors Dr. Rajkumar and Kamal Haasan produced cinematic gems that achieved both commercial success and critical acclaim. With Kamal Haasan he created memorable films like “Pushpaka Vimana” and with Dr. Rajkumar, he created classics such as “Haalu Jenu”. Singeetam’s work in Kannada cinema was equally impressive. He directed the award-winning film “Samskara” and delivered a series of successful films starring Rajkumar. His Kannada ventures such as “Eradu Nakshatragalu” showed his mastery over diverse narratives.

Singeetam’s eye for innovation was evident in his films. “Mayuri” 1984 is a film that celebrated the spirit of dance and garnered accolades globally. “Pushpaka Vimana” 1968, was a ground-breaking dialogue-less film that captivated special mention at the Shanghai Film Festival. He elevated the Indian Film industry’s creative boundaries with science fiction and fantasy genres such as “Aditya 369” 1991 and “Bhairava Dweepam” 1994.

His Legacy

Singeetam’s journey in the world of Indian Cinema has been a trailblazing one. He ventured into uncharted territories, defying stereotypes and creating films that are celebrated for their originality. His legacy is not just his films but also his collaborations with iconic actors and his impact on multiple regional cinemas. He continues to inspire new generations of filmmakers. With the upcoming sequel to “Aditya 369” and a desire to explore new cinematic avenues, his journey continues as a saga of artistic exploration and creative brilliance.

Indu Sundaresan’s debut novel, “The Twentieth Wife”, takes the readers on an enchanting journey through the grandeur of the Mughal Empire, weaving a tale of passion, ambition and the indomitable spirit of a remarkable woman. Set against the backdrop of 16th-century India, this historical epic invites readers to immerse themselves in the life and love of Mehrunnisa, the woman the world would know as Empress Nur Jahan.

A Closer Look 

The story introduces us to Mehrunnisa, whose life was marked by separation and hardship early. Born to Persian refugees, Ghias Beg and Asmat Begum, Mehrunnisa’s destiny takes a turn when she is brought back to the Imperial Court, catching the eye of Padshah Begum Ruqayya, Emperor Akbar’s chief queen.

Sundaresan’s storytelling prowess is shown in her depiction of Nisa’s character. From a child pushed into the political and social intricacies of the court, Nisa grows into a woman of intelligence, resilience, and beauty. Her life takes a turn when she is married to Ali Quli, a warrior whose indifference adds to the challenges Nisa faces. Through her meetings with Prince Salim, later Emperor Jahangir, a passionate and profound love story unfolds, one that defies time and societal constraints.

One of the novel’s most beautiful aspects is its exploration of the complexities of human relationships. Sundaresan delves into the dark underbelly of court intrigue, where love, ambition, hatred, and greed often blur the lines of loyalty.

As readers go deeper into the story, they become enchanted not only by Nisa’s character but also by the descriptions of the Mughal Empire’s intricacies. Sundaresan’s lush prose brings to life the zenana, the changing seasons, the fashion of the time, and the multifaceted characters who populate this world. It’s a journey through time and place that feels authentic and immersive.

Afterthoughts 

“The Twentieth Wife” is the first instalment in the Taj Trilogy, leaving readers eager for more. While the novel excels in painting a vivid historical backdrop and delivering a passionate love story, character development at times feels lacking. Some may find certain characters’ actions and motivations less than credible by contemporary standards. Yet, this doesn’t diminish the book’s overall impact.

“The Twentieth Wife” is the first installment in the Taj Mahal Trilogy, leaving readers waiting for more. While the novel is great at painting a vivid historical backdrop and giving us a passionate love story, some may find certain characters’ actions and motivations less than credible by contemporary standards. Yet, this doesn’t diminish the book’s overall impact. 

Indu Sundaresan’s “The Twentieth Wife” is a rich and romantic historical fiction novel that masterfully blends fact and fiction to bring to life the journey of a woman who defied societal norms and rose to a unique position of power. It is a tale of love, who relish historical epics, this book is a must-read, transporting you to a bygone era of grandeur and intrigue.